– it takes cluster bombs (to cause later mutilations and deaths, especially children)

– it takes depleted uranium weapons, (to cause widespread, long-lasting radioactive pollution, cancers in soldiers and citizens of both sides)

 – it takes -by December 31 the Ukrainian army will lose between 75,000 and 100,000 dead, and up to 300,000 wounded and out of combat. Russian soldiers killed so far in Ukraine: around 47,000.

– it takes – continued destruction and environmental pollution, the wreckage of the country

–it takes – By May 2023, the U.S. had provided Ukraine nearly $37 billion in military aid . Total with EU funding $46.6 billion and more to come

–it takes– behind-the-scenes wrangling, as European and other leaders try hold it together with USA

“As long as it takes” – to do what?

Defeat Russia militarily, ruin Russia as a world power, return Crimea to Ukraine, make Ukraine a NATO country, holding U.S. weapons aimed at Moscow.